Classes and interfaces in Java

Examples illustrate Java classes and interfaces.

public class Demo {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Interface1 obj1 = new Class1();
		System.out.println(obj1.m1(1));
		
		Interface2 obj2 = (Interface2) obj1;
		System.out.println(obj2.m2(1));
		
		Class1 obj3 = new Class1();
		System.out.println(obj3.m1(1));
		System.out.println(obj3.m2(1));
		
		Class1 obj4 = new Class2();
		System.out.println(obj4.m1(1));
		System.out.println(obj4.m2(1));
		
		// can a variable of Class2 be assigned an
		// object of Class1? Of any of the interfaces? 
		// Do we need typcasting? 
		
		// If I have a method that takes Interface1, what can I pass to it?
		// If I have a method that takes Class1, what can I pass to it?
		// If I have a method that takes Class2, what can I pass to it?
		
		// What are abstract classes? 
		
		// what does equals take? 
		// what does it mean for an object to be comparable? iterable? 
	}
	
	static interface Interface1 {
		public int m1(int x);
	}
	
	static interface Interface2 {
		public int m2(int x);
	}
	
	static class Class1 implements Interface1, Interface2 {

		@Override
		public int m1(int x) {
			return x + 1;
		}

		@Override
		public int m2(int x) {
			return m3(x) + 2;
		}
		
		private int m3(int x) {
			return x * 3;
		}
		
		protected int m4(int x) {
			return x % 2;
		}
		
	}
	
	static class Class2 extends Class1 {
		public int m1(int x) {
			return m3(x - 1);
		}
		
		private int m3(int x) {
			return m4(x) * 2;
		}
	}

}